br In the present study we revealed

In the present study, we revealed that GPR110 was significantly overexpressed in GC tissues compared with that in adjacent non- 
cancerous tissues. We also found that the high PKC412 level of GPR110 was associated with poorer differentiation, deeper infiltration, more nodal involvement and worse TNM stage. Univariate analysis showed that patient with poor differentiation, deep infiltration, more nodal involvement, worse TNM stage and high GPR110 expression had a poor 5-year OS and RFS. Further stratified analysis demonstrated that T classification, nodal involvement and GPR110 expression were vali-dated as independent prognostic factors of survival in multivariate Cox regression. Our findings suggest that the high expression of the orphan receptor GPR110 was correlated with unfavorable prognosis of GC patients. Although studies screening for the receptor agonists of GPR110 have been conducted, we still have no idea about the function of GPR110 endogenous ligand. STAT3 pathway has been reported to be involved in GPR110 pathway, whether this interaction exists in GC pathology is not yet known. Further study should be carried out to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of action of this molecule in GC development. A limitation of the present study is the smaller size of tissue samples used in the tissue analysis. In addition, the gastric cancer samples were collected from a single institution, which could introduce selection bias. Therefore, more gastric cancer specimens collected from different hospitals are needed to confirm the present analysis, and additional studies are required to elucidate the precise role of GPR110 in the development of GC and to examine its potential role as a therapeutic target.
5. Conclusions
In summary, our study explored the mRNA and protein levels of GPR110 in patients with GC for the first time, and revealed its corre-lations with the clinical stages of GC patients. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses identified vas deferens as an independent prognostic biomarker for the overall survival and recurrence-free survival of pa-tients with GC. Identification of GPR110 as a novel biomarker for GC would be helpful for both disease mechanism elucidation and clinical prognosis improvement.
Table 4
Univariate analysis of the correlation between clinicopathological parameters and recurrence-free survival time of patients with gastric cancer.
Variable Mean survival time (m) 95% CI Log-Rank Test P value
Male
Low grade
Negative
High
Note: Bold values have statistical significance.
Table 5
Multivariate analysis of RFS for GC patients.
Variables HR 95% CI P value
Male vs female
Low grade vs middle and high grade
Negative vs positive
High vs low
Note: Bold values have statistical significance.
Conflict of interest
All the authors declared that there is no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgement
This study was supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Medicine Health Science and Technology Program (2015KYA170).
References
[17] J. Wang, Y. Sun, M.M. Bertagnolli, Comparison of gastric cancer survival between Caucasian and Asian patients treated in the United States: results from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, Ann. Surg. Oncol. 22 (9) (2015) 2965–2971.
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The Breast
Original article
Clinicopathological characteristics of metaplastic breast cancer e analysis of the basic immunohistochemical profile and comparison with other invasive breast cancer types
a Department of Biophysics and Human Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
b Department of Pathomorphology, Military Institute of Health Services, Szaserow 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland